Other Nations: Gulf States, Korea, Israel, Canada and Others
Which other countries have lunar programmes or roles, and what are they buying?
Chapter summary
A second tier of countries participates mainly by buying rides and building instruments or rovers.
Key takeaways
- 1
The United Arab Emirates flew its Rashid rover on ispace's 2023 lander (lost in the crash) and committed to Gateway's airlock; South Korea operates the Danuri orbiter since 2022 and plans a lander in the 2030s; Israel's Beresheet crashed in 2019; Canada contributed Canadarm3 to Gateway and an astronaut, Jeremy Hansen, who flew on Artemis II.
- 2
Most second-tier countries are Artemis Accords signatories.
- 3
Their spending is small, tens to low hundreds of millions of dollars a year each, but they are the main foreign customers for US landers.
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