Geopolitical Analysis & Strategic Considerations
How does great-power competition shape demand in space?
Chapter summary
Government space budgets reached $137.4 billion in 2025, and defence is now the larger share. The US–China race, allied frameworks such as NATO, AUKUS and the Artemis Accords, and fast-growing programmes in India turn geopolitics from background context into a primary demand driver.
Key takeaways
- 1
Defence is 54% of government space spending ($73.5B of $137.4B), overtaking civil budgets.
- 2
China flew 73 orbital launches in 2025 (51 in 2024) and plans 25,000+ satellites across Guowang and Qianfan.
- 3
NATO allies committed to 5% of GDP for defence by 2035; India deployed about 180 satellites in 2025.
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